Account of the reign of Sher Sháh Súr", "State Formation and Consolidation under the Ujjaniya Rajputs", The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians - The Muhammadan Period, "Jain inscription from Shergarh (Dr. D.C. Sircar)", Tarikh-i Khan Jahani wa Makhzan-i Afghani, The earliest extant account of Sher Shah Sur, Roads and Sarais (inns) of Sher Shah Suri, Sher Shah Suri aimed at eradicating poverty from his empire, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sher_Shah_Suri&oldid=995687117, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Wikipedia articles needing factual verification from September 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from August 2020, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Utmadun nissa Bano Begum, Rani Shah Begum, "Sher Shah Suri; A Fresh Perspective"; Bashir Ahmad Khan Matta (Oxford University Press, Karachi, Pakistan) 2006, This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 10:08. SURI. Short Answer Type Questions 1. In this seven years of his reign he never lost a battle. Who made the plan to capture Mongol territory? Nebra; Nynetjer – One of the best archaeologically attested kings of the 2nd dynasty. Sher Shah built several monuments including Rohtas Fort (now a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Pakistan), many structures in the Rohtasgarh Fort in Bihar, the Sher Shah Suri Masjid in Patna, the Qila-i-Kuhna mosque inside the Purana Qila complex in Delhi, and the Sher Mandal, an octagonal building also inside the Purana Qila complex, which later served as the library of Humayun. It is a ridge, a spur of the Sulaimán Mountains, about six or seven kos in length, situated on the banks of the Gumal. The Suri dynasty ruled for only fifteen years (1540-1555). The last of Sur dynasty, Adil Shah Suri, was defeated by Akbar in the second Battle of Panipat (1556). [35] Tarikh-i-Da'udi states, however, that he destroyed Siri. It was founded by Sher Shah Suri, original name Farid, who was the son of an afghan landlord, Hasan Khan Suri. [36], Lal Darwaza, the southern gate of Shergarh, Qila-i-Kuhna mosque, built by Sher Shah in 1541, Sher Mandal built in his honour by the Mughals, Founder of the Suri Empire in India (1486-1545), Sketch of Sher Shah Suri by Afghan artist. Humayun defeated Islam Shah in 1555, and ended the Suri dynasty. The currency was also changed to finely minted silver coins called Dam. 1555: 1555 : Sikandar Shah Suri : 65. [31], Sher Shah Suri is accused by `Abd al-Qadir Bada'uni and other Muslim historians for destroying old cities while founding new ones on their ruins after his own name. He was a distant kinsman to Babur's brother-in-law, Mir Shah Jamal, who remained loyal to Humayun. Sher Khan, known as Sher Shah Suri, was an Afghan leader who took over the Mughal Empire after defeating Humayun in 1540. This article was last updated on Sunday, June 01, 2003. A third one was begun for his son Islam, but remained unfinished due to the dynasty’s fall. 2. After Sher Shah’s death in 1545 his successors ruled till 1555 when Humayun reconquered India. Caravanserais (inns), temples and mosques were built and trees were planted along the entire stretch on both sides of the road to provide shade to travelers. [28], After this victory, Sher Shah's general Khawas Khan Marwat took possession of Jodhpur and occupied the territory of Marwar from Ajmer to Mount Abu in 1544. His successors, however, proved to be weak rulers and the Mughals were able to re-establish their rule in India after a few years. 1553: 1555: Muhammad Adil Shah : 63. ], for example, counseled, "There is nothing equal to a religious war against the infidels. It is an important book for the the history of foundation of Muslim rule in Bengal. During his early age, Farid was given a village in Fargana, Delhi (comprising present-day districts of Bhojpur, Buxar, Bhabhua of Bihar)[citation needed] by Omar Khan Sarwani, an ethnic Pashtun himself, the counselor and courtier of Bahlul Khan Lodi. [10] Rupee is today used as the national currency in India, Indonesia, Maldives, Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, Seychelles, Sri Lanka among other countries. Sher Shah was responsible for greatly rebuilding and modernizing the Grand Trunk Road, a major artery which runs all the way from modern day Bangladesh to Afghanistan. Sher Shahs oft quoted remark " I had given away the country of Delhi for a handful of millets" is a tribute to the gallantry of Jaita and Kumpa and the willingness of the Rajputs to face death even in the face of impossible odds. After his accidental death in 1545, his son Islam Shah became his successor. This caused great consternation to Maldeo, who immediately (and wrongly) suspected his commanders of disloyalty. Read More, Pakistan in Transition Towards a Substantive Democracy, Makhdoom Ameen Fahim a Faithful Personality, Quaid-i-Azam with Prominent Personalities of his era, Global Warming: Danger To Pakistan Agriculture. The Yuan empire was founded by an illiterate nomad named Genghis Khan. [10] According to numismatists Goron and Goenka, it is clear from coins dated AH 945 (1538 AD) that Sher Khan had assumed the royal title of Farid al-Din Sher Shah and had coins struck in his own name even before the battle of Chausa.[29]. Later sensing the growth of Sher Shah's power in Bihar, Jalal sought the assistance of Ghiyasuddin Mahmud Shah, the independent Sultan of Bengal. 5. They entered into the service of Muhabbat Khán Súr, Dáúd Sáhú-khail, to whom Sultán Bahlol had given in jágír the parganas of Hariána and Bahkála, etc., in the Panjáb, and they settled in the pargana of Bajwára.[1]. The Suri dynasty ruled for only fifteen years (1540-1555). Who made the plan to capture Mongol territory? He also established an efficient postal system, with mail being carried by relays of horse riders. They warred against leaders from the Fifteenth Dynasty and were eventually conquered by … [citation needed] But, Sher Khan defeated the force at the battle of Surajgarh in 1534 after forming an alliance with Ujjainiya Rajputs and other local chiefdoms. Shēr Shah of Sūr, original name Farīd Khan, (born 1486?, Sasaram [India]—died May 22, 1545, Kalinjar), emperor of north India (1540–45) in the Islamic Sūr (Afghan) dynasty of 1540–57 who organized a long-lived bureaucracy responsible to the ruler and created a carefully calculated revenue system. “Muslims ruled India for 1000 years”- This statement I had heard from many, many times and that too in a demeaning manner. [22][23], The Muslim women of Chanderi, which Sher Shah had taken under his rule, came to him and accused Puran Mal of killing their husbands and enslaving their daughters. In exchange Sher Shah vowed to safeguard Puran Mal and his land. Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka and Bindusara were the most influential rulers from this dynasty. 1553: 1553 : Firuz Shah Suri : 62. This dynasty of pharaohs ruled the Theban region in Upper Egypt for 70 years. "Táríkh-i Sher Sháhí; or, Tuhfat-i Akbar Sháhí, of 'Abbás Khán Sarwání. Instead of marching to the enemy's capital Sher Shah halted in the village of Sammel in the pargana of Jaitaran, ninety kilometres east of Jodhpur. Nawab Sirajuddowla was defeated by the English in 1757 AD. In 1537, when Babur's son Humayun was elsewhere on an expedition, Sher Shah overran the state of Bengal and established the Suri dynasty. A brilliant strategist, Sher Shah proved himself to be a capable commander as well as a talented administrator. He left a strong empire to his son Islam Shah, who ruled for nine years and was succeeded by his son Feroz Khan who was murdered. [25], In 1543, Sher Shah Suri with a huge force of 80,000 cavalry set out against Maldeo Rathore (a Rajput king of Marwar). Origins. His name appears on many stone vessels and clay sealings. It was at the time of this bounty of Sultán Bahlol, that the grandfather of Sher Sháh, by name Ibráhím Khán Súri,*[The Súr represent themselves as descendants of Muhammad Súri, one of the princes of the house of the Ghorian, who left his native country, and married a daughter of one of the Afghán chiefs of Roh.] 4. In the 19th century some European scholars, such as Mountstuart Elphinstone, favoured the idea that the Ghurid dynasty was related to today's Pashtun people but this is generally rejected by modern scholarship and, as explained by Morgenstierne in the Encyclopaedia of Islam, is for "various reasons very improbable". By 1540, Bhupat Rai had died and Puran Mal had become the dominant force in eastern Malwa. Wells were also dug, especially along the western section. After the death of Bahar Khan, Sher Khan became the regent ruler of the minor Sultan, Jalal Khan. Abbas Sarwani states that he had the older city of Delhi destroyed. When Captain Cook arrived in 1778 the warrior society was at its height with chiefs from the Big Island of Hawaii and Maui vying for control of the entire island chain. [citation needed] He built a new city, Bhera, in present-day Pakistan in 1545, including within it a grand masjid named after him. Specially Sher Khan was not an angel (malak) but a king (malik). During his five-year rule of 1540–1545, he established a new urban and military administration, and issued the first rupee. Khán Sarwání immediately ( and wrongly ) suspected his commanders of disloyalty: after defeating Lodhi. His reign he never lost a Battle, visited China during the siege of Kalinjar fort 13! 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